There are two different types of tests – diagnostic tests and antibody tests.
1. A diagnostic test can show if you have an active coronavirus infection and should take steps to quarantine or isolate yourself from others. Currently there are two types of diagnostic tests which detect the virus – molecular tests, such as RT-PCR tests, that detect the virus’s genetic material, and antigen tests that detect specific proteins on the surface of the virus.
2. An antibody test looks for antibodies that are made by your immune system in response to a threat, such as a specific virus. Antibodies can help fight infections. Antibodies can take several days or weeks to develop after you have an infection and may stay in your blood for several weeks or more after recovery. Because of this, antibody tests should not be used to diagnose an active coronavirus infection. At this time researchers do not know if the presence of antibodies means that you are immune to the coronavirus in the future.
Molecular Tests (RT-PCR)
Shumë kompani dhe laboratorë kanë zhvilluar teste për të diagnostikuar COVID-19 bazuar në zbulimin e materialit gjenetik të virusit në një mostër nga hunda ose fyti i pacientit. Pas marrjes së strishos teknikët e laboratorit përdorin aparate të avansuara të teknologjisë për të konvertuar ARN të virusit në ADN dhe për të krijuar kopje të saj. Testet diagnostike molekulare që zbulojnë materialin gjenetik të virusit zakonisht përdoren për diagnostikimin e COVID-19 ose infeksionit koronavirus aktiv. Por asnjë provë nuk është 100% i saktë gjatë gjithë kohës.
Antibody (Serology) Tests
Antibody tests may provide quick results, but should not be used to diagnose an active infection. Antibody tests only detect antibodies the immune system develops in response to the virus, not the virus itself. It can take days to several weeks to develop enough antibodies to be detected in a test.
Antigen Tests
Antigen tests usually provide results diagnosing an active coronavirus infection faster than molecular tests, but antigen tests have a higher chance of missing an active infection. If an antigen test shows a negative result indicating that you do not have an active coronavirus infection, your health care provider may order a molecular test to confirm the result.
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